The SIMILARITY Procedure
- Overview
- Getting Started
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Syntax
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DetailsAccumulationMissing Value InterpretationZero Value InterpretationTime Series TransformationTime Series DifferencingTime Series Missing Value TrimmingTime Series Descriptive StatisticsInput and Target SequencesSliding SequencesTime WarpingSequence NormalizationSequence ScalingSimilarity MeasuresUser-Defined Functions and SubroutinesOutput Data SetsOUT= Data SetOUTMEASURE= Data SetOUTPATH= Data SetOUTSEQUENCE= Data SetOUTSUM= Data Set_STATUS_ Variable ValuesPrinted OutputODS Table NamesODS Graphics
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Examples
- References
Statistical procedures use ODS Graphics to create graphs as part of their output. ODS Graphics is described in detail in Chapter 21: Statistical Graphics Using ODS in SAS/STAT User's Guide.
Before you create graphs, ODS Graphics must be enabled (for example, with the ODS GRAPHICS ON statement). For more information about enabling and disabling ODS Graphics, see the section “Enabling and Disabling ODS Graphics” in that chapter.
The overall appearance of graphs is controlled by ODS styles. Styles and other aspects of using ODS Graphics are discussed in the section “A Primer on ODS Statistical Graphics” in that chapter.
This section describes the use of ODS for creating graphics with the SIMILARITY procedure.
PROC SIMILARITY assigns a name to each graph it creates by using ODS. You can use these names to selectively reference the graphs. The names are listed in Table 24.3.
Table 24.3: ODS Graphics Produced by PROC SIMILARITY
|
ODS Graph Name |
Plot Description |
Statement |
PLOTS= Option |
|---|---|---|---|
|
CostsPlot |
Costs plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=COSTS |
|
NormalizedSequencePlot |
Normalized Sequence Plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=NORMALIZED |
|
PathDistancePlot |
Path distances plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=DISTANCES |
|
PathDistanceHistogram |
Path distances histogram |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=DISTANCES |
|
PathRelativeDistancePlot |
Path relative distances plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=DISTANCES |
|
PathRelativeDistanceHistogram |
Path relative distances histogram |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=DISTANCES |
|
PathPlot |
Path plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=PATHS |
|
PathSequencesPlot |
Path sequences plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=MAPS |
|
PathSequencesScaledPlot |
Scaled path sequences map plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=MAPS |
|
ScaledSequencePlot |
Scaled Sequence plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=SCALED |
|
SequencePlot |
Sequence plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=SEQUENCES |
|
SeriesPlot |
Input time series plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=INPUTS |
|
SimilarityPlot |
Similarity measures plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=MEASURES |
|
TargetSequencePlot |
Target sequence plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=TARGETS |
|
WarpPlot |
Warping plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=WARPS |
|
WarpScaledPlot |
Scaled warping plot |
SIMILARITY |
PLOTS=WARPS |
The time series plots (SeriesPlot) illustrate the input time series to be compared. The horizontal axis represents the input series time ID values, and the vertical axis represents the input series values.
The sequence plots (SequencePlot) illustrate the target and input sequences to be compared. The horizontal axis represents the (target or input) sequence index, and the vertical axis represents the (target or input) sequence values.
The path plot (PathPlot) and path limits plot (PathLimitsPlot) illustrate the path through the distance matrix. The horizontal axis represents the input sequence index, and the vertical axis represents the target sequence index. The dots represent the path coordinates. The upper parallel line represents the compression limit, and the lower parallel line represents the expansion limit. These plots visualize the path through the distance matrix. Vertical movements indicate compression, and horizontal movements represent expansion of the target sequence with respect to the input sequence. These plots are useful for visualizing the amount of expansion and compression along the path.
The time warp plot (WarpPlot) and scaled time warp plot (WarpScaledPlot) illustrate the time warping. The horizontal axis represents the (input and target) sequence index. The upper line plot represents the target sequence. The lower line plot represents the input sequence. The lines that connect the input and target sequence values represent the mapping between the input and target sequence indices along the optimal path. These plots visualize the warping of the time index with respect to the input and target sequence values. Expansion of a single target sequence value occurs when it is mapped to more than one input sequence value. Expansion of a single input sequence value occurs when it is mapped to more than one target sequence value. The plots are useful for visualizing the mapping between the input and target sequence values along the path. The plots are useful for comparing the path sequences or input and target sequence after time warping.
The path sequence plot (PathSequencesPlot) and scaled path sequence plot (PathSequencesScaledPlot) illustrate the sequence mapping along the optimal path. The horizontal axis represents the path index. The dashed line represents the time warped input sequence. The solid line represents the time warped target sequence. These plots visualize the mapping between the input and target sequence values with respect to the path index. The scaled plot with the input and target sequence values are scaled and evenly separated for visual convenience.
The path distance plots (PathDistancePlot) and path relative distance plots (PathRelativeDistancePlot) illustrate the path (relative) distances. The horizontal axis represents the path index. The vertical needles represent the (relative) distances. The horizontal reference lines indicate one and two standard deviations.
The path distance histogram (PathDistanceHistogram) and path relative distance histogram (PathDistanceRelativeHistogram) illustrate the distribution of the path (relative) distances. The bars represent the histogram, and the solid line represents a normal distribution with the same mean and variance.
The cost plot (CostPlot) and cost limits plot (CostPlot) illustrate the cost of traversing the distance matrix. The horizontal axis represents the input sequence index, and the vertical axis represents the target sequence index. The colors and shading within the plot illustrate the incremental cost of traversing the distance matrix. The upper parallel line represents the compression limit, and the lower parallel line represents the expansion limit.