The MIANALYZE Procedure

This example creates a COV-type data set that contains sample means and covariance matrices computed from imputed data sets. These estimates are then combined to generate valid statistical inferences about the population means.

The following statements use the CORR procedure to generate sample means and a covariance matrix for the variables in each imputed data set:

proc corr data=outmi cov nocorr noprint out=outcov(type=cov);
   var Oxygen RunTime RunPulse;
   by _Imputation_;
run;

The following statements display (in Output 58.2.1) output sample means and covariance matrices from PROC CORR for the first two imputed data sets:

proc print data=outcov(obs=12);
   title 'CORR Means and Covariance Matrices'
         ' (First Two Imputations)';
run;

Note that the covariance matrices in the data set outcov are estimated covariance matrices of variables, . The estimated covariance matrix of the sample means is , where n is the sample size, and is not the same as an estimated covariance matrix for variables.

The following statements combine the results for the imputed data sets, and derive both univariate and multivariate inferences about the means. The EDF= option is specified to request that the adjusted degrees of freedom be used in the analysis. For sample means based on 31 observations, the complete-data error degrees of freedom is 30.

proc mianalyze data=outcov edf=30;
   modeleffects Oxygen RunTime RunPulse;
run;

The “Variance Information” and “Parameter Estimates” tables display the same results as in Output 58.1.2 and Output 58.1.3, respectively, in Example 58.1.

With the WCOV, BCOV, and TCOV options, as in the following statements, the procedure displays the between-imputation covariance matrix, within-imputation covariance matrix, and total covariance matrix assuming that the between-imputation covariance matrix is proportional to the within-imputation covariance matrix in Output 58.2.2.

proc mianalyze data=outcov edf=30 wcov bcov tcov mult;
   modeleffects Oxygen RunTime RunPulse;
run;

With the MULT option, the procedure assumes that the between-imputation covariance matrix is proportional to the within-imputation covariance matrix and displays a multivariate inference for all the parameters taken jointly.

The “Multivariate Inference” table in Output 58.2.3 shows a significant p-value for the null hypothesis that the population means are all equal to zero.