The STDRATE Procedure

Table Output

Subsections:

The STDRATE procedure displays the "Standardization Information" table by default. In addition, the procedure also displays the "Standardized Rate Estimates" table (with the default STAT=RATE option in the PROC STDRATE statement) and the "Standardized Risk Estimates" table (with the STAT=RISK option) by default. The rest of this section describes the output tables in alphabetical order.

Attributable Fraction Estimates

The "Attributable Fraction Estimates" table displays the following information:

  • Parameter: attributable rate and population attributable rate for the rate statistic, and attributable risk and population attributable risk for the risk statistic

  • Estimate: estimate of the parameter

  • Method: method to construct confidence limits

  • Lower and Upper: lower and upper confidence limits

Effect Estimates

The "Effect Estimates" table displays the following information:

  • Standardized Rate: directly standardized rates for study populations

  • Standardized Risk: directly standardized risks for study populations

When EFFECT=RATIO, the table displays the following:

  • Estimate: the rate or risk ratio estimate

  • Log Ratio: the logarithm of rate ratio or risk ratio estimate

  • Standard Error: standard error of the logarithm of the ratio estimate

  • Z: the standard Z statistic

  • Pr > |Z|: the p-value for the test

When EFFECT=DIFF, the table displays the following:

  • Estimate: the rate or risk difference estimate

  • Standard Error: standard error of the difference estimate

  • Z: the standard Z statistic

  • Pr > |Z|: the p-value for the test

Standardization Information

The "Standardization Information" table displays the input data sets, type of statistic to be standardized, standardization method, and number of strata. The table also displays the variance divisor for the risk estimate, and the rate multiplier for the rate estimate. With a rate multiplier c, the rates per c population-time units are displayed in the output tables.

Standardized Morbidity/Mortality Ratio

The "Standardized Morbidity/Mortality Ratio" table displays the following information:

  • SMR: standardized morbidity/mortality ratio

  • Standard Error: standard error for SMR

  • Lower and Upper: lower and upper confidence limits for SMR

  • Test Statistic: SMR-1, for the test of SMR=1

  • Estimate: value of test statistic

  • Standard Error: standard error of the estimate

  • Z: the standard Z statistic

  • Pr > |Z|: the p-value for the test

Standardized Rate Estimates

The "Standardized Rate Estimates" table displays the following information:

  • Population: study populations, and reference population for indirect standardization

  • Number of Events: number of events in population

  • Population-Time: total contributed time in population, for the rate statistic

  • Crude Rate: event rate in the population

  • Expected Number of Events

  • SMR: standardized morbidity/mortality ratio, for indirect standardization

  • Standardized Rate: for the rate statistic

  • Standard Error: standard error of the standardized estimate of rate

  • Confidence Limits: lower and upper confidence limits for standardized estimate

Standardized Risk Estimates

The "Standardized Risk Estimates" table displays the following information:

  • Population: study populations, and reference population for indirect standardization

  • Number of Events: number of events in population

  • Number of Observations: number of observations in population

  • Crude Risk: event risk in the population

  • Expected Number of Events

  • SMR: standardized morbidity/mortality ratio, for indirect standardization

  • Standardized Risk

  • Standard Error: standard error of the standardized estimate of risk

  • Confidence Limits: lower and upper confidence limits for standardized estimate

Strata Effect Estimates

The "Strata Effect Estimates" table displays the following information for each stratum:

  • Stratum Index: a sequential stratum identification number

  • STRATA variables: the levels of STRATA variables

  • Rate: rates for the study populations, for the rate statistic

  • Risk: risks for the study populations, for the risk statistic

When EFFECT=DIFF, the table displays the following information for each stratum:

  • Estimate: rate or risk difference estimate of the study populations

  • Standard Error: the standard error of the difference estimate

  • Confidence Limits: confidence limits for the difference estimate

When EFFECT=RATIO, the table displays the following information for each stratum:

  • Estimate: rate or risk ratio estimate of the study populations

  • Confidence Limits: confidence limits for the ratio estimate

Strata Statistics

For each POPULATION statement, the "Strata Information" table displays the following information for each stratum:

  • Stratum Index: a sequential stratum identification number

  • STRATA variables: the levels of STRATA variables

If the REFERENCE statement is specified, the table displays the following information for each stratum in the reference population:

  • Population-Time Value: population-time for the rate statistic for direct standardization

  • Population-Time Proportion: proportion for the population-time

  • Number of Observations Value: number of observations for the risk statistic for direct standardization

  • Number of Observations Proportion: proportion for the number of observations

  • Rate: for the rate statistic for indirect standardization

  • Risk: for the risk statistic for indirect standardization

For the rate statistic, the table displays the following information for each stratum in the specified study data set:

  • Number of Events

  • Population-Time Value

  • Population-Time Proportion

  • Rate Estimate

  • Standard Error: standard error for the rate estimate if the CL=NORMAL suboption is specified in the STATS option in the STRATA statement

  • Confidence Limits: confidence limits for the risk estimate if the CL suboption is specified in the STATS option in the STRATA statement

  • Expected Number of Events: expected number of events that use the reference population population-time for direct standardization, Mantel-Haenszel weight for Mantel-Haenszel estimation, or reference population rate for indirect standardization

For the risk statistic, the table displays the following information for each stratum in the specified study data set:

  • Number of Events

  • Number of Observations Value

  • Number of Observations Proportion

  • Risk

  • Standard Error: standard error for the risk estimate, if the CL=NORMAL suboption is specified in the STATS option in the STRATA statement

  • Confidence Limits: confidence limits for the risk estimate, if the CL suboption is specified in the STATS option in the STRATA statement

  • Expected Number of Events: expected number of events that uses the reference population number of observations for direct standardization, Mantel-Haenszel weight for Mantel-Haenszel estimation, or reference population risk for indirect standardization

Strata SMR Estimates

The "Strata SMR Estimates" table displays the following information for each stratum:

  • Stratum Index: a sequential stratum identification number

  • STRATA variables: the levels of STRATA variables

  • Number of Events

  • Expected Number of Observations

  • SMR Estimate

  • Standard Error: standard error for the SMR estimate, if the CL=NORMAL suboption is specified in the SMR option in the STRATA statement

  • Confidence Limits: confidence limits for the SMR estimate, if the CL suboption is specified in the SMR option in the STRATA statement

For the rate statistic, the table also displays the following information for each stratum:

  • Population-Time

  • Reference Rate

For the risk statistic, the table also displays the following information for each stratum:

  • Number of Observations

  • Reference Risk