The UNIVARIATE Procedure
- Overview
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Getting Started
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Syntax
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DetailsMissing ValuesRoundingDescriptive StatisticsCalculating the ModeCalculating PercentilesTests for LocationConfidence Limits for Parameters of the Normal DistributionRobust EstimatorsCreating Line Printer PlotsCreating High-Resolution GraphicsUsing the CLASS Statement to Create Comparative PlotsPositioning InsetsFormulas for Fitted Continuous DistributionsGoodness-of-Fit TestsKernel Density EstimatesConstruction of Quantile-Quantile and Probability PlotsInterpretation of Quantile-Quantile and Probability PlotsDistributions for Probability and Q-Q PlotsEstimating Shape Parameters Using Q-Q PlotsEstimating Location and Scale Parameters Using Q-Q PlotsEstimating Percentiles Using Q-Q PlotsInput Data SetsOUT= Output Data Set in the OUTPUT StatementOUTHISTOGRAM= Output Data SetOUTKERNEL= Output Data SetOUTTABLE= Output Data SetTables for Summary StatisticsODS Table NamesODS Tables for Fitted DistributionsODS GraphicsComputational Resources
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ExamplesComputing Descriptive Statistics for Multiple VariablesCalculating ModesIdentifying Extreme Observations and Extreme ValuesCreating a Frequency TableCreating Plots for Line Printer OutputAnalyzing a Data Set With a FREQ VariableSaving Summary Statistics in an OUT= Output Data SetSaving Percentiles in an Output Data SetComputing Confidence Limits for the Mean, Standard Deviation, and VarianceComputing Confidence Limits for Quantiles and PercentilesComputing Robust EstimatesTesting for LocationPerforming a Sign Test Using Paired DataCreating a HistogramCreating a One-Way Comparative HistogramCreating a Two-Way Comparative HistogramAdding Insets with Descriptive StatisticsBinning a HistogramAdding a Normal Curve to a HistogramAdding Fitted Normal Curves to a Comparative HistogramFitting a Beta CurveFitting Lognormal, Weibull, and Gamma CurvesComputing Kernel Density EstimatesFitting a Three-Parameter Lognormal CurveAnnotating a Folded Normal CurveCreating Lognormal Probability PlotsCreating a Histogram to Display Lognormal FitCreating a Normal Quantile PlotAdding a Distribution Reference LineInterpreting a Normal Quantile PlotEstimating Three Parameters from Lognormal Quantile PlotsEstimating Percentiles from Lognormal Quantile PlotsEstimating Parameters from Lognormal Quantile PlotsComparing Weibull Quantile PlotsCreating a Cumulative Distribution PlotCreating a P-P Plot
- References
This example demonstrates a sign test for paired data, which is a specific application of the tests for location discussed in Example 4.12.
The instructor from Example 4.4 is now interested in performing a sign test for the pairs of test scores in his college course. The following statements request basic statistical measures and tests for location:
title 'Test Scores for a College Course'; ods select BasicMeasures TestsForLocation; proc univariate data=Score; var ScoreChange; run;
The ODS SELECT statement restricts the output to the “BasicMeasures” and “TestsForLocation” tables; see the section ODS Table Names. The instructor is not willing to assume that the ScoreChange variable is normal or even symmetric, so he decides to examine the sign test. The large 
-value (0.7744) of the sign test provides insufficient evidence of a difference in test score medians.
Output 4.13.1: Sign Test for ScoreChange
| Test Scores for a College Course |
| Basic Statistical Measures | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Variability | ||
| Mean | -3.08333 | Std Deviation | 13.33797 |
| Median | -3.00000 | Variance | 177.90152 |
| Mode | -5.00000 | Range | 51.00000 |
| Interquartile Range | 10.50000 | ||
| Note: The mode displayed is the smallest of 2 modes with a count of 2. |
| Tests for Location: Mu0=0 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test | Statistic | p Value | ||
| Student's t | t | -0.80079 | Pr > |t| | 0.4402 |
| Sign | M | -1 | Pr >= |M| | 0.7744 |
| Signed Rank | S | -8.5 | Pr >= |S| | 0.5278 |
A sample program for this example, uniex03.sas, is available in the SAS Sample Library for Base SAS software.